DOCUMENT
Acting on the recommendations of United Nations
Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon, the Security Council today decided to establish
the United Nations Assistance Mission in Somalia (UNSOM) by 3 June for an
initial period of 12 months, providing the United Nations "good
offices" functions -- and a range of strategic policy advice -- in support
of the Federal Government's peace and reconciliation process.
Unanimously adopting resolution 2102 (2013), the Council
decided that the mandate of UNSOM -- which it intended to renew as appropriate
-- would include the provision of policy advice to the Federal Government and
the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) on peacebuilding and
state-building in the areas of: governance, security sector reform and rule of
law (including the disengagement of combatants), development of a federal
system (including preparations for elections in 2016), and coordination of
international donor support.
Among its other mandated functions, UMSOM would help
build the Federal Government's capacity to promote respect for human rights and
women's empowerment, promote child protection, prevent conflict-related sexual
and gender-based violence, and strengthen justice institutions. Further, it
would monitor, help investigate and report to the Council on any abuses or
violations of human rights or of international humanitarian law committed in
Somalia, or any abuses committed against children or women.
In such work, the Council underlined the importance of
Somali ownership, requesting the Special Representative of the
Secretary-General, Nicholas Kay, to align closely United Nations country team
activities with the priorities of UNSOM and the Federal Government, as well as
AMISOM, the Intergovernmental Authority for Development (IGAD), the European
Union and other regional, bilateral and multilateral partners.
By other terms, the Council decided that UNSOM would be
based in Mogadishu and deployed across Somalia, as requested by the Federal
Government and as conditions permitted, in line with arrangements set out by
the Secretary-General in his 19 April letter to the Council (document S/2013/239).
Further, it recalled provisions in resolution 2093 (2013) in relation to UNSOM
as a structurally integrated United Nations mission, welcoming the proposed
leadership and coordination structures, with a clear delineation of duties.
For his part, the Secretary-General was requested to keep
the Council regularly informed of the implementation of UNSOM's mandate,
including steps he was taking to ensure the presence of a structurally
integrated mission by 1 January 2014, as well as an assessment on the political
and security implications of wider United Nations deployments across Somalia,
with a first report to be delivered no later than 2 September 2013 and every 90
days thereafter.
In his 19 April letter, the Secretary-General transmitted
the results of a technical assessment mission to Somalia, deployed from 17 to
29 March. He notes that the team conducted its work on the basis of resolution
2093 (2013), adopted on 6 March, by which the Council defined a new United
Nations presence in Somalia, guided by the Secretary-General's Strategic Review
of the situation. It agreed that the United Nations Political Office for
Somalia (UNPOS) should be replaced by a new special political mission as soon
as possible.
Throughout its encounters, the mission had heard strong
support for a United Nations mandate in all areas identified by resolution 2093
(2013), according to the letter. The team found the political environment to be
extremely complex, but with "impressive" capacities for peace and
dialogue, thanks to the strong political will of the Federal Government to
rebuild the country. International commitment was critical to ensuring an
enabling security environment.
Those findings depicted an environment in which a new
United Nations mission could "do much good", the letter states. The
team's "mission concept" outlined an approach for providing mandated
activities, guided by the principles of Somali national ownership, flexibility,
and collaboration and partnerships. The letter outlines the core substantive
functions of the new mission in the areas of: political affairs and mediation;
rule of law and security institutions; and human rights and protection, as well
as a role for multidisciplinary task teams to ensure coherence between the
United Nations country team and the mission.
After action, Elmi Ahmed Duale ( Somalia) expressed his
full appreciation for the adoption of an "important" resolution,
which would support and facilitate his Government in achieving its development,
governance and security goals. The resolution also ensured that there was only
"one door" to knock on, as opposed to fragmented approaches, in
coordinating assistance. Indeed, today's action was a "first step"
towards more effective Council support.
Against that backdrop, he called on all partners to abide
by the principles of Somali sovereignty and ownership when extending support
for the development of a Somali future, adding that regional authorities should
also be consulted. Welcoming the emphasis on coordination and urgent action, he
underlined the need for human and financial resources to help Somalia implement
its mandate, drawing attention to the 7 May donor conference in London.
"This year will be an opening of opportunities for Somalia's
development," he declared.
The meeting began at 11:35 a.m. and adjourned at 11:42
a.m.
Resolution
The full text of Security Council resolution 2102 (2013)
reads as follows:
"The Security Council,
"Recalling its previous resolutions on the situation
in Somalia, in particular resolution 2093 (2013),
"Reaffirming its respect for the sovereignty,
territorial integrity, political independence and unity of Somalia,
"Recognising the significant progress in Somalia
over the past year, and recognising the importance of the Federal Government of
Somalia, with the support of the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM), the
United Nations and international partners, to consolidate security and
establish the rule of law in areas secured by AMISOM and the Security Forces of
the Federal Government of Somalia,
"Underlining the importance of supporting the
Federal Government of Somalia's efforts towards peace and reconciliation in
Somalia, including through effective regional cooperation, and in this regard
commending the role of the African Union (including AMISOM), the Intergovernmental
Authority on Development (IGAD), and other international partners for their
important contributions towards peace and stability in Somalia,
"Welcoming recent progress and positive dialogue
between the Federal Government of Somalia and regional administrations, and
stressing the importance of these administrations cooperating with the Federal
Government of Somalia on peace, provision of basic services, reconciliation and
the rule of law and to address the ongoing humanitarian crisis in Somalia,
"Emphasising the importance of international support
to Somalia's security and justice institutions, as well as capacity building in
maritime security and public financial management, and looking forward to the
7th May 2013 Conference on Somalia in London to support progress on these
issues,
"Expressing concern at the ongoing humanitarian
crisis in Somalia and its impact on the people of Somalia, commending the
efforts of the United Nations humanitarian agencies and other humanitarian
actors to deliver life-saving assistance to vulnerable populations, condemning
any misuse or obstruction of humanitarian assistance, underlining the
importance of the full, safe, independent, timely and unimpeded access of all
humanitarian actors to all those in need of assistance, and underlining further
the importance of proper accounting in international humanitarian support,
"Condemning the recent terrorist attacks which have
undermined peace and security in Somalia, and reiterating its willingness to
take action against those whose behaviour threatens the peace, stability, or
security of Somalia,
"Welcoming the Federal Government of Somalia's
commitment to improving human rights in Somalia, expressing its concern at the
reports of violations of human rights, including extrajudicial killings,
violence against women, children and journalists, arbitrary detention and
pervasive sexual and gender-based violence, particularly in camps for
internally displaced persons, and underscoring the need to end impunity, uphold
human rights and to hold accountable those who commit any such related crimes,
"Underlining the importance of
effectively-coordinated international support to the Federal Government of
Somalia in line with the President's Six Pillar Policy priorities, and in this
regard looking forward to the Conference on Somalia in Brussels scheduled for
September 2013,
"Taking note of the Federal Government of Somalia's
intention to implement the "New Deal for Engagement in Fragile
States" in Somalia,
"Welcoming the appointment of Mr Nicholas Kay as the
Secretary-General's Special Representative in Somalia (SRSG), and underlining
its appreciation for the outgoing SRSG, Dr Augustine Mahiga for all his efforts
towards greater peace and stability in Somalia,
"Considering the recommendations of the
Secretary-General in his letter of 19 April 2013 to the Security Council,
"1. Decides to establish the United Nations
Assistance Mission in Somalia (UNSOM) by 3 June 2013, under the leadership of a
Special Representative of the Secretary-General (SRSG), for an initial period
of twelve months with the intention to renew for further periods as
appropriate, and in accordance with the recommendation of the
Secretary-General;
"2. Decides that the mandate of UNSOM shall be as
follows:
(a) To provide United Nations "good offices"
functions, supporting the Federal Government of Somalia's peace and
reconciliation process;
(b) To support the Federal Government of Somalia, and
AMISOM as appropriate, by providing strategic policy advice on peacebuilding
and statebuilding, including on:
(i) Governance;
(ii) security sector reform, rule of law (including
police, justice and corrections within the framework of the United Nations
Global Focal Point), disengagement of combatants, disarmament, demobilisation
and reintegration, maritime security and mine action;
(iii)the development of a federal system; the
constitutional review process and subsequent referendum on the constitution;
and preparations for elections in 2016;
(c) To assist the Federal Government of Somalia in
coordinating international donor support, in particular on security sector
assistance and maritime security, working with bilateral and multilateral
partners, and in full respect of the sovereignty of Somalia;
(d) To help build the capacity of the Federal Government
of Somalia to:
(i) promote respect for human rights and women's
empowerment, including through the provision of Gender Advisers and Human
Rights Advisers;
(ii) promote child protection and to implement the
relevant Somali Government action plans on children and armed conflict,
including through the provision of Child Protection Advisers;
(iii)prevent conflict-related sexual and gender-based
violence, including through the provision of Women's Protection Advisers;
(iv) strengthen Somalia's justice institutions and to
help ensure accountability in particular with respect to crimes against women
and children;
(e) To monitor, help investigate and report to the
Council on, and help prevent:
(i) any abuses or violations of human rights or
violations of international humanitarian law committed in Somalia, including
through the deployment of human rights observers;
(ii) any violations or abuses committed against children
in Somalia;
(iii)any violations or abuses committed against women,
including all forms of sexual and gender-based violence in armed conflict;
"3. Underlines the importance of Somali ownership in
the context of United Nations support, and in this regard requests the SRSG to
align closely United Nations Country Team activities in Somalia with the
priorities of UNSOM and to coordinate United Nations activities with the
Federal Government of Somalia, as well as the African Union (including AMISOM),
IGAD, the European Union and other regional, bilateral and multilateral
partners in Somalia;
"4. Decides that UNSOM shall be based in Mogadishu
and deployed further across Somalia, as requested by the Federal Government of
Somalia and as conditions permit, in line with the arrangements set out by the
Secretary-General in his letter of 19 April 2013 to the Council;
"5. Recalls paragraphs 20 and 21 of resolution 2093
(2013) in relation to UNSOM as a structurally integrated United Nations
Mission, welcomes the proposed leadership and coordination structures, with a
clear delineation of duties as outlined in the Secretary General's letter of 19
April 2013;
"6. Emphasises in particular the need to ensure an
integrated United Nations effort under the strategic direction of the SRSG and
for the United Nations to work in a coordinated manner with AMISOM;
"7. Reiterates that with immediate effect, all
appropriate activities of the United Nations Country Team should be fully
coordinated with the SRSG, including through establishing joint teams and joint
strategies, while ensuring the humanity, impartiality, neutrality, and
independence of humanitarian assistance;
"8. Stresses the need for the Federal Government of
Somalia to ensure that all perpetrators of serious violations and abuses of
human rights and serious violations of international humanitarian law are held
accountable, and emphasises the importance of UNSOM supporting the Government
of Somalia in developing and implementing a national strategy for preventing
and responding to sexual and gender-based violence;
"9. Encourages the implementation of the Somali
Maritime Security Strategy, developed through the Kampala Process, which will
assist the international community in coordinating with the Somali authorities
on Somali maritime challenges, including capacity-building and development, for
the benefit of the Somali people and in full respect of Somali sovereignty;
"10. Recognises the security constraints outlined by
the Secretary-General, underlines the importance of the safety of United
Nations staff, and in this regard welcomes AMISOM's commitment to provide a
guard force of 311 troops as requested in paragraph 2 of resolution 2093
(2013);
"11. Emphasises the importance of UNSOM adhering to
the Secretary-General's Human Rights and Due Diligence Policy and the United
Nations Zero-Tolerance Policy on Sexual Exploitation and Abuse;
"12. Underlines the importance of UNSOM cooperating
with the Somalia and Eritrea Monitoring Group in the relevant areas of their
respective mandates;
"13. Requests the Secretary-General to keep the
Security Council regularly informed of the implementation of UNSOM's mandate,
including the steps he is taking to ensure the presence of a structurally
integrated mission by 1 January 2014, as well as an assessment on the political
and security implications of wider United Nations deployments across Somalia,
with a first report no later than 2 September 2013 and every 90 days
thereafter;
"14. Decides to review the mandate of UNSOM no later
than 30 April 2014;
"15. Decides to remain actively seized of the
matter."
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