to Be Operational by 3 June for Initial Period of 12 Months
UN Security Council
Unanimously
Adopts Resolution 2102 (2013)
Acting on the recommendations of United Nations
Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon, the Security Council today decided to establish
the United Nations Assistance Mission in Somalia (UNSOM) by 3 June for an
initial period of 12 months, providing the United Nations “good offices”
functions — and a range of strategic policy advice — in support of the Federal
Government’s peace and reconciliation process.
Unanimously
adopting resolution 2102 (2013), the Council decided that the mandate of UNSOM
— which it intended to renew as appropriate — would include the provision of
policy advice to the Federal Government and the African Union Mission in
Somalia (AMISOM) on peacebuilding and state-building in the areas of:
governance, security sector reform and rule of law (including the
disengagement of combatants), development of a federal system (including
preparations for elections in 2016), and coordination of international donor
support.
Among its other mandated functions, UMSOM would help build
the Federal Government’s capacity to promote respect for human rights and
women’s empowerment, promote child protection, prevent conflict-related sexual
and gender-based violence, and strengthen justice institutions. Further,
it would monitor, help investigate and report to the Council on any abuses or
violations of human rights or of international humanitarian law committed in
Somalia, or any abuses committed against children or women.
In such work, the Council underlined the importance of
Somali ownership, requesting the Special Representative of the
Secretary-General, Nicholas Kay, to align closely United Nations country team
activities with the priorities of UNSOM and the Federal Government, as well as
AMISOM, the Intergovernmental Authority for Development (IGAD), the European Union
and other regional, bilateral and multilateral partners.
By other
terms, the Council decided that UNSOM would be based in Mogadishu and deployed
across Somalia, as requested by the Federal Government and as conditions
permitted, in line with arrangements set out by the Secretary-General in his 19
April letter to the Council (document S/2013/239). Further, it recalled
provisions in resolution 2093 (2013) in relation to UNSOM as a structurally
integrated United Nations mission, welcoming the proposed leadership and
coordination structures, with a clear delineation of duties.
For his part, the Secretary-General was requested to keep
the Council regularly informed of the implementation of UNSOM’s mandate,
including steps he was taking to ensure the presence of a structurally
integrated mission by 1 January 2014, as well as an assessment on the
political and security implications of wider United Nations deployments across
Somalia, with a first report to be delivered no later than 2 September 2013 and
every 90 days thereafter.
In his 19
April letter, the Secretary-General transmitted the results of a technical
assessment mission to Somalia, deployed from 17 to 29 March. He notes
that the team conducted its work on the basis of resolution 2093 (2013),
adopted on 6 March, by which the Council defined a new United Nations presence
in Somalia, guided by the Secretary-General’s Strategic Review of the
situation. It agreed that the United Nations Political Office for Somalia
(UNPOS) should be replaced by a new special political mission as soon as
possible.
Throughout
its encounters, the mission had heard strong support for a United Nations
mandate in all areas identified by resolution 2093 (2013), according to the
letter. The team found the political environment to be extremely complex,
but with “impressive” capacities for peace and dialogue, thanks to the strong
political will of the Federal Government to rebuild the country.
International commitment was critical to ensuring an enabling security
environment.
Those
findings depicted an environment in which a new United Nations mission could
“do much good”, the letter states. The team’s “mission concept” outlined
an approach for providing mandated activities, guided by the principles of
Somali national ownership, flexibility, and collaboration and partnerships.
The letter outlines the core substantive functions of the new mission in
the areas of: political affairs and mediation; rule of law and security
institutions; and human rights and protection, as well as a role for
multidisciplinary task teams to ensure coherence between the United Nations
country team and the mission.
After
action, Elmi Ahmed Duale ( Somalia) expressed his full appreciation for the
adoption of an “important” resolution, which would support and facilitate his
Government in achieving its development, governance and security goals.
The resolution also ensured that there was only “one door” to knock on, as
opposed to fragmented approaches, in coordinating assistance. Indeed,
today’s action was a “first step” towards more effective Council support.
Against
that backdrop, he called on all partners to abide by the principles of Somali
sovereignty and ownership when extending support for the development of a
Somali future, adding that regional authorities should also be consulted.
Welcoming the emphasis on coordination and urgent action, he underlined the
need for human and financial resources to help Somalia implement its mandate,
drawing attention to the 7 May donor conference in London. “This year
will be an opening of opportunities for Somalia’s development,” he declared.
The
meeting began at 11:35 a.m. and adjourned at 11:42 a.m.
Resolution
The full
text of Security Council resolution 2102 (2013) reads as follows:
“The
Security Council,
“Recalling
its previous resolutions on the situation in Somalia, in particular resolution
2093 (2013),
“Reaffirming
its respect for the sovereignty, territorial integrity, political independence
and unity of Somalia,
“Recognising
the significant progress in Somalia over the past year, and recognising
the importance of the Federal Government of Somalia, with the support of the
African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM), the United Nations and international
partners, to consolidate security and establish the rule of law in areas
secured by AMISOM and the Security Forces of the Federal Government of Somalia,
“Underlining
the importance of supporting the Federal Government of Somalia’s efforts
towards peace and reconciliation in Somalia, including through effective
regional cooperation, and in this regard commending the role of the
African Union (including AMISOM), the Intergovernmental Authority on
Development (IGAD), and other international partners for their important
contributions towards peace and stability in Somalia,
“Welcoming
recent progress and positive dialogue between the Federal Government of Somalia
and regional administrations, and stressing the importance of these
administrations cooperating with the Federal Government of Somalia on peace,
provision of basic services, reconciliation and the rule of law and to address
the ongoing humanitarian crisis in Somalia,
“Emphasising
the importance of international support to Somalia’s security and justice
institutions, as well as capacity building in maritime security and public
financial management, and looking forward to the 7th May 2013 Conference
on Somalia in London to support progress on these issues,
“Expressing
concern at the ongoing humanitarian crisis in Somalia and its impact on the
people of Somalia, commending the efforts of the United Nations
humanitarian agencies and other humanitarian actors to deliver life-saving
assistance to vulnerable populations, condemning any misuse or
obstruction of humanitarian assistance, underlining the importance of
the full, safe, independent, timely and unimpeded access of all humanitarian
actors to all those in need of assistance, and underlining further the
importance of proper accounting in international humanitarian support,
“Condemning
the recent terrorist attacks which have undermined peace and security in
Somalia, and reiterating its willingness to take action against those
whose behaviour threatens the peace, stability, or security of Somalia,
“Welcoming
the Federal Government of Somalia’s commitment to improving human rights in
Somalia, expressing its concern at the reports of violations of human
rights, including extrajudicial killings, violence against women, children and
journalists, arbitrary detention and pervasive sexual and gender-based
violence, particularly in camps for internally displaced persons, and underscoring
the need to end impunity, uphold human rights and to hold accountable those who
commit any such related crimes,
“Underlining
the importance of effectively-coordinated international support to the Federal
Government of Somalia in line with the President’s Six Pillar Policy
priorities, and in this regard looking forward to the Conference on
Somalia in Brussels scheduled for September 2013,
“Taking
note of the Federal Government of Somalia’s intention to implement the “New
Deal for Engagement in Fragile States” in Somalia,
“Welcoming
the appointment of Mr Nicholas Kay as the Secretary-General’s Special
Representative in Somalia (SRSG), and underlining its appreciation for
the outgoing SRSG, Dr Augustine Mahiga for all his efforts towards greater
peace and stability in Somalia,
“Considering
the recommendations of the Secretary-General in his letter of 19 April
2013 to the Security Council,
“1.
Decides to establish the United Nations Assistance Mission in Somalia
(UNSOM) by 3 June 2013, under the leadership of a Special Representative of the
Secretary-General (SRSG), for an initial period of twelve months with the
intention to renew for further periods as appropriate, and in accordance with
the recommendation of the Secretary-General;
“2.
Decides that the mandate of UNSOM shall be as follows:
(a)
To provide United Nations “good offices” functions, supporting the Federal
Government of Somalia’s peace and reconciliation process;
(b)
To support the Federal Government of Somalia, and AMISOM as appropriate, by
providing strategic policy advice on peacebuilding and statebuilding, including
on:
(i)
Governance;
(ii)
security sector reform, rule of law (including police, justice and corrections
within the framework of the United Nations Global Focal Point), disengagement
of combatants, disarmament, demobilisation and reintegration, maritime security
and mine action;
(iii)the
development of a federal system; the constitutional review process and
subsequent referendum on the constitution; and preparations for elections in
2016;
(c)
To assist the Federal Government of Somalia in coordinating international donor
support, in particular on security sector assistance and maritime security,
working with bilateral and multilateral partners, and in full respect of the
sovereignty of Somalia;
(d)
To help build the capacity of the Federal Government of Somalia to:
(i)
promote respect for human rights and women’s empowerment, including through the
provision of Gender Advisers and Human Rights Advisers;
(ii)
promote child protection and to implement the relevant Somali Government action
plans on children and armed conflict, including through the provision of Child
Protection Advisers;
(iii)prevent
conflict-related sexual and gender-based violence, including through the
provision of Women’s Protection Advisers;
(iv)
strengthen Somalia’s justice institutions and to help ensure accountability in
particular with respect to crimes against women and children;
(e)
To monitor, help investigate and report to the Council on, and help prevent:
(i)
any abuses or violations of human rights or violations of international
humanitarian law committed in Somalia, including through the deployment of
human rights observers;
(ii)
any violations or abuses committed against children in Somalia;
(iii)any
violations or abuses committed against women, including all forms of sexual and
gender-based violence in armed conflict;
“3.
Underlines the importance of Somali ownership in the context of United
Nations support, and in this regard requests the SRSG to align closely
United Nations Country Team activities in Somalia with the priorities of UNSOM
and to coordinate United Nations activities with the Federal Government of
Somalia, as well as the African Union (including AMISOM), IGAD, the European
Union and other regional, bilateral and multilateral partners in Somalia;
“4.
Decides that UNSOM shall be based in Mogadishu and deployed further
across Somalia, as requested by the Federal Government of Somalia and as
conditions permit, in line with the arrangements set out by the
Secretary-General in his letter of 19 April 2013 to the Council;
“5.
Recalls paragraphs 20 and 21 of resolution 2093 (2013) in relation to
UNSOM as a structurally integrated United Nations Mission, welcomes the
proposed leadership and coordination structures, with a clear delineation of
duties as outlined in the Secretary General’s letter of 19 April 2013;
“6.
Emphasises in particular the need to ensure an integrated United Nations
effort under the strategic direction of the SRSG and for the United Nations to
work in a coordinated manner with AMISOM;
“7.
Reiterates that with immediate effect, all appropriate activities of the
United Nations Country Team should be fully coordinated with the SRSG,
including through establishing joint teams and joint strategies, while ensuring
the humanity, impartiality, neutrality, and independence of humanitarian
assistance;
“8.
Stresses the need for the Federal Government of Somalia to ensure that
all perpetrators of serious violations and abuses of human rights and serious
violations of international humanitarian law are held accountable, and emphasises
the importance of UNSOM supporting the Government of Somalia in developing and
implementing a national strategy for preventing and responding to sexual and
gender-based violence;
“9.
Encourages the implementation of the Somali Maritime Security Strategy,
developed through the Kampala Process, which will assist the international
community in coordinating with the Somali authorities on Somali maritime
challenges, including capacity-building and development, for the benefit of the
Somali people and in full respect of Somali sovereignty;
“10.
Recognises the security constraints outlined by the Secretary-General, underlines
the importance of the safety of United Nations staff, and in this regard welcomes
AMISOM’s commitment to provide a guard force of 311 troops as requested in
paragraph 2 of resolution 2093 (2013);
“11.
Emphasises the importance of UNSOM adhering to the Secretary-General’s
Human Rights and Due Diligence Policy and the United Nations Zero-Tolerance
Policy on Sexual Exploitation and Abuse;
“12.
Underlines the importance of UNSOM cooperating with the Somalia and
Eritrea Monitoring Group in the relevant areas of their respective mandates;
“13.
Requests the Secretary-General to keep the Security Council regularly
informed of the implementation of UNSOM’s mandate, including the steps he is
taking to ensure the presence of a structurally integrated mission by
1 January 2014, as well as an assessment on the political and
security implications of wider United Nations deployments across Somalia, with
a first report no later than 2 September 2013 and every 90 days thereafter;
“14.
Decides to review the mandate of UNSOM no later than 30 April 2014;
“15.
Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.”
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