Dharaaro Xusuustood:Prof Gees oo soo jeediyey in Guddida Doorashooyinka S/land Xeer Gaar ah loo curiyo

Prof. Maxamed Siciid Gees – Qeybtii 31aad

‘To be or not to be that is the question’

‘Ahow iyo ha ahaan arrinku weeyaane’

William Shakespeare (Hamlet)

Macno maleh aduunyadu

Haddaan magac ka reebayn eh

Maxamuud Ismaaciil Qasim

William Shakespeare oo noolaa sannadihii (1564 – 1616), waxa uu ahaa gabayaa Ingiriis ah oo Riwaayadaha alifa. Tuducan ayaan ka soo qaatay Riwaayaddiisa caanka ah ee la dheho Hamlet. Waxa riwaayadihiisa loo tarjumay 80 af oo dunida lagaga hadlo, balse weli af Soomali looma beddelin ilaa hadda waxa laga dhigaa Riwaayadahaas Adduunyada cidhifyadeeda oo dhan iyaga oo lagu masilayo afaf kala duwan oo dad midabo kala duwan ay jilayaan.

Cidina si sahlan u garanmayso madaxdii xukuumaysay Dalka England markii Shakespeare noolaa! Waar bal day akhristaw!! Guushu madaxnimo ma aha ee meelo kale ayey ku jirtaa. Boqol sanno ka dib cidina ma xasuusan doontu Madaxweyneyaashi soo maray Somaliland. 

Haseyeeshee, waxa la aqoon doonaa oo la akhrisan doonaa oo la dhegaysan doonaa Heesaha iyo Riwaayadaha ay curiyeeen Abwaanndu sida Axmed Saleebaan Bidde ee ay ka mid ahayd Ruwaayaddiila odhan jiray Wejiyaal is-xasuustaa; ee ay Heestani ee ay qaadaan Kinsi Xaaji Aadan iyo Cabdillaahi Cumar Xarago beydkeeda hore iyo kiisa u dembeeya oo ay ka mid ka ahayd;

Wejiyaal is-xasuustaa

Indho aan kala waaban

Laba aan isba waayin

Laba aan kala weecan

Wadnayaal is-jeclaada

Wadku daayo ayaamo

Aan wadeeco astaynin

Ma wadaagno xannaano

Innagaa isku wacnaynee

Maxaad iiga wareegtay?

——————————

Wiyishaa ubadkeeda

Waxa jooga adduunka

Iyadaa ula wanaagsan

Kolka waayuhu liicshee

Dani ay ka wadaaye

haddii aynu is-wayno

Walaac waa ku dilaaye

Waa wareegto adduunkiyo

haddii uu waqti keenay

Nin wax saarleh miyaan ahay? Kuwaas iyo qaar kale oobadan.

Dabayaaqadii sannadkii 2001 ayaa Marxuun Madaxweyne Maxamed Xaaji Ibraahim Cigaal u gudbiyey Golaha Wakiillada magacyada toddoba muwaadin oo uu ugu talagay inay noqdaan Guddiga Qaranka ee Doorashooyinka (NEC), si Goluhu u ansixiyo. Shirguddoonkii Golaha iyo Golihii ayaa wax-ka-beddel ku sameeyey soo-jeedintii Madaxweynaha, oo dhawr qodob oo ka hadlaya Guddiga Qaranka ee Doorashooyinka ku daray Xeerkii Doorashada ee Madaxweynaha iyo Golayaasha Degaanka oo ay ka doodayeen, gacantana ku hayeen waqtigaas.

Awooddii Magcaabidda Guddiga Doorashooyinka ayey u kala qaybsheen sidan: Madaxweynaha (3 xubnood), Guurtida (2 Xubnood) iyo xisbiyada mucaaridka ah (2 xubnood), sidaasna ayey ku ansixiyeen. Marxuun Cigaal oo waqtigaa xannuun la daalaadhacay waa aqbalay. Guddigaas Qaranka ee Doorashooyinka waxa la ansixiyey horantii sannadkii 2002.

Guddigaasi waxay ku guulaystay inay qabto saddex doorasho oo xor ah oo si nabadgelyo ah uga dhacay wadanka, kuwaas oo kala ahaa Doorashadii Golayaasha Degaanka (December 2002), Doorashadii Madaxweynaha iyo Madaxweyne-ku–xigeenkiisa (April 2003), Doorashadii Golaha Wakiilada (September 2005).

Waxa muddadii xilkoodu dhammaaday horraantii 2007, waxa labadii Xisbi ee mucaardka ahaa (UCID iyo KULMIYE) iyo Madaxweyne Daahir Rayaale oo UDUB ahaa ay isla qaateen in Guddiga Qaranka ee Doorashooyinka la kala diro oo mid cusub la soo magcaabo.

Markii hawshii fulinteedii la galay waxa soo baxay muran iyo iska horimaad gilgilay Dalkii oo dhan oo soconayey sannadkii 2007 oo dhan, ayaa Maxkamadda Sare la isla galay, arrintii waxbay kala fudaamisay; haddana halkii ayaa mar kale la iska hor yimi. Madaxtooyada oo dhan ah iyo Golaha Wakiillada oo xisbiyada Mucaaradka ihi ku xoog leeyihiin oo dhan. Golihii Guurtida oo isna daraf ka noqday murankii.

Waxa markaas soo dhexgalay arrintii Guddi Bulshada Rayidka ah oo ka kooban Abwaannu, borofasoorro, Wadaaddo can ah iyo xubno Waxgaradka Bulshada ka mid ah. Guddigaas oo Guddoomiye u doortay Abwaan Maxamed Ibraahim Warsame (Hadraawi).

Waxa guddiga gacan siinayey oo taageero u fidiyey Akaademiyada Nabadda iyo Horumarka oo aan markaasi madax ka ahaa. Bishii Sebtamber ayaa guddigu ku guulaystay in labadii qolo afgarad dhexmaro oo dalku uu yeesho Guddiga Qaranka ee Doorashooyinka.

Guddigii waxa u ahaa mid khilaaf ku dhashay sidii uu khilaafkii ugu jiray ayuu burburay isaga oo laba sanno jiray markii xubnihiisii intiisii badnayd ay istiqaalad keeneen. Sannadkii 2009 aakhirkiisii ayaa mar labaad guddi kale la mgcaabay oo la ansixiyey. Guddigaas ayaa qabtay doorashadii Madaxweynaha iyo Madaxweyne-ku-xigeenkiisa bishii (Jun 2010). Doorashadaas oo si qurux badan u dhacday.

Indhaha Dalalka xiiseeya siyaasadda Geeska Afrikana soo jiidatay markii ay si nabadgelya u dhacday oo laba Madaxweyne ay xilkii isu tiriyeeyn oo mucaardkii ku guulaystay doorashadii, taas oo ahayd arrin dhif ku ah Waddamada dunida saddexaad iyo kuwa Muslinka ah.

Waxa kale oo uu Guddigaasi qabtay doorashadii Golayaasha Degaanka oo dhacday Biishii (December 2012), taas oo buuq iyo dhimasho sababtay iyo muraan waqti dheer qaatay. Waxa dhacdadaas loo aaneeyaa diiwaangelintii sida caadifadda ah Baarlamaanku u laalay iyada oo aan laga fekerin, oo Xisbiyadu dabada ka riixayaan, Xukuumadduna ay ka aamustay.

Markii ololaha laalistu socotay ayaan Wasiir xukuumadda ku jira oo waayo-aragnimo badan u lahaa Doorashooyinka ka warsaday waxa ay u joojin waayeen laalista Diiwaangelinta Codbixiyayaasha. Waxa uu iigu jawaabay si fudud oo ahayd marmarsiinyo lagaga horyimaado Doorashada inay dhacdo ayaannu diidaynaa, sidaas darted ma faragelinayno.

Sharci-yaqaaanno badan ayaa waxay ku doodaan in qaybintii ay qaybsheen awoodda magcaabidda Guddiga Qaranka ee Doorashu ay isku dhex daadisay awoodihii waaxaha Fulinta iyo Sharci-dejinta. Badanaa wixiii magcaabid ah waxa iska leh Madaxweynaha, ansixinta (Ogaalansho ama diidid) waxa iska leh Baarlamaanka.

Hore waxa Mucaaridku uga qaylinay jireen labada xubnood ee Guurtidu magcaawdo, bal hadda fiiri labadii mucaaradku magcaabi jiray waxa ka taagan; ‘Fari tog-dheer ayey kula xushaa.’ Cabdiraxman Maxamed Cabdillaahi (Cirro) waa Guddoomiyaha Xisbiga WADANI isaga ayaa xeerku siiyey inuu soo magcaabo xubin ka mid ah Guddiga Doorashooyinka, isla markaan waa Guddoomiyaha Golaha Wakiillada ee ansixinayaa xubintii uu soo magcaabay. Haye Maxaa kuu baxay boowee!!.

Waxa Sharci-yaaqaanno badani qabaan in Xeer gaar ah oo tafatiran loo curiyo Guddigga Qaranka ee Doorashooyinka. Waayo, guuddigu waxa uu gacanta ku hayaa xasiloonida iyo nabadda dalkan Somaliland, sidaas darteed waa in dib loo eegaa xeerka hadda jira oo ah dhawr qodob oo ku dhex milan Xeerka Doorashada Madaxweynaha iyo Golayaasha Deegaanka.

Finn aims to be first female president of Somalia

A Finn of Somali origin wants to run as a candidate in the Somali presidential election in 2016. Fadumo Dayib is currently studying public administration at Harvard, but she thinks that Somalia is now ready for a female president.

Fadumo Dayib aims to become the first Somali woman to lead the country. Image: Yle

Fadumo Dayib moved to Finland in the 1990s to escape the civil war in Somalia. She’s now studying at Harvard but planning to return to Somalia—and she thinks she can make quite an impact on the country.

”I want to be Somalia’s president because I believe women have a chance to lead Somalia,” said Dayib. ”Women lead the country economically, manage family budgets and are very visible in society, but they have been kept out of politics. Somalia is now ready for a female president.”

In addition to improving the position of women in Somali society, Dayib’s campaign themes are fighting youth unemployment, protecting minorities and improving education.

”It’s shocking that we have a younger generation that hasn’t experienced anything but war,” said Dayib. ”They can’t even imagine any other kind of future than war and destruction.”

Dayib will go to Somalia next year, when her campaign officially gets off the ground.

”There are Somalis and foreigners from all over the world in my campaign team,” said Dayib. ”Many of them have come voluntarily to support me, which means that they’re of the opinion that a woman can become president of Somalia.”

Clans crucial in Somali elections

Dayib travels to Finland in December to discuss her plans with Somali communities based in Finland. She does not want her campaign to be clan-based, which has been the custom in previous Somali elections.

”In the past, clans have chosen Somalia’s president,” said Dayib. ”Now there’s a hope Somalia can have a democratic election. I hope that people will vote for candidates, not clans.”

Two years ago, another Somali woman based in Finland, Amal Abdi Ibrahim, made an unsuccessful bid to run for president, but was denied because she was just under the minimum age of 40.
Somali democrats hope the 2016 elections could be a watershed in the country’s politics. The ’Vision 2016’ conference hosted by incumbent president Hasan Sheikh Mohamud in 2013 urged Somali political parties to free themselves from clan affiliation, that the 2016 elections be free and fair, and that a new constitution be established before the vote.

That’s a tall order in a country like Somalia, where politicians are at constant risk of violent attacks.
”It’s very dangerous to be a politician or candidate in Somalia,” said Dayib. ”I’ve been warned many times that I could be killed if I run as a candidate.”
Dayib acknowledges that the risk of being killed is indeed high.
”But I’m not scared of dying,” said Dayib. ”We all have to go at some point. If I die because I am defending something that I strongly believe in, then that’s an honour.”

This story was edited on 4 September to correct Dayib's area of study and her plans to meet Somali communities in Finland--and not the Somali Association, as originally stated.

Sources: Yle

Corruption Currents: From Selling Out of UAE to Ransoming Reporters

 

By SAMUEL RUBENFELD - Wall Street Journal

Bribery:

Two former executives at China Mining Resources Group Ltd. were sentenced for bribery in Hong Kong. (Thomson Reuters Corporate Compliance Completesub req)

The FCPAProfessor checks in on Australia andhopes the B20 follows through. The FCPA Blogcatches South Korean businessmen on a bender,continues a series on collective action against corruption, flags an alleged crime ring among Puerto Rican police and finds limiting cash transactions in Indonesia to be a hard sell. Richard Bistrong analyzesthe latest EY Global Fraud survey. Tom Fox triessomething different and starts a series on risk assessments. Alexandra Wrage discusses compliance changes in China. Mike Volkov lists five important traits for a successful chief ethics and compliance officer. Thebriberyact.com runs a guest post about a money-back guarantee for bribe payers.

Money Laundering:

Standard Chartered PLC is aiming to sell part of its business in the United ArabEmirates after it agreed to close some accounts there in an anti-money laundering settlement with U.S. authorities, two sources familiar with the plan said to Reuters. The bank said reviewing accounts is normal and it won’t comment further.

The closing of a Barclays PLC remittance route to Somaliland could open up the possibility for a local industry — if other money-transfer businesses would take the risk. (Foreign Policy)

New Zealand seized assets from a Chinese-born millionaire in a money-laundering probe. A defense lawyer seen meeting the man said he denied the allegations. (Xinhua)

Two principals of a Hong Kong-based company that came close to buying New Zealand’s 22 Crafar farms have been convicted of laundering HK$230 million. (Stuff)

Bangladesh’s anti-corruption commission is preparing a national risk assessmentover concerns about money laundering and terrorism finance. (Financial Express)

Bahrain is seeing a rise in suspicious transactions. (Gulf Daily News)

Brokers are under scrutiny in India for not filing suspicious activity reports to the country’s financial intelligence unit. (PTI)

South Africa’s Julius Malema says he’ll beat fraud, money laundering, corruption and racketeering charges. (The Citizen)

Sanctions:

A Chicago man was sentenced to more than seven months in prison after pleading guilty to a charge that he tried to lobby city officials to press then-President ElectBarack Obama to remove U.S. sanctions on Zimbabwe President Robert Mugabe. (Bulawayo, Chicago Sun-Times, Chicago Tribune)

Tehran says it is in the process of completing measures on transparency in its nuclear research that it agreed to with the U.N. atomic agency. Iran is delaying a London oil contracts roadshow to next year to make it possible for Western companies to sign them, an Iranian oil official said. (Reuters, WSJ, Reuters)

Companies are feeling the weight of sanctions on Russia. It’s taking a toll on Germany. The EU explicitly said its sanctions on Russia don’t target loans to Russian companies. A hit list for Russia President Vladimir Putin is here. (Law360,RIA Novosti, Financial Times sub req, Global Capital sub req, Quartz)

Turkey imposed sanctions on six al Qaeda affiliates in line with the U.N. Security Council. (Hurriyet, Haaretz)

Lawmakers sent OFAC and the Treasury’s internal watchdog on a fishing expedition over Jay-Z and Beyonce’s trip to Cuba. (Sanction Law)

OFAC is limiting excessive searches using its sanctions screening tools.

Terrorism Finance:

Dan Rather says he would pay a ransom to free a reporter. Thomas Ricksdisagrees. Washington said it ordered Qatar not to pay a ransom as it brokered the release of a reporter. Should news organizations follow a media blackout on the abductions of their employees? (CNN, Politico, NY Times, Washington Post, WSJ)

The Islamic State now resembles the Taliban — but with oil fields. (Bloomberg)

Whistleblowers:

The case involving Meng-Lin Liu imposed limits on FCPA whistleblowers from overseas. (Forbes)

General Anti-Corruption:

Chinese police are questioning the former audit director of China Resources Holdings Co. Ltd. as part of a broad investigation into suspected corruption in the state-owned company. (Reuters)

Separately, Chinese smartphone maker Coolpad shelved its plan to use a golden casing for its flagship smartphone after being advised by government officials that the color gold could potentially be seen as promoting a luxurious lifestyle.(WSJ China Real Time)

Despite the widespread crackdowns, Xi Jinping is riding a wave of popularity. (NPR)

The number of IRS Criminal Investigation Division agents could drop to the lowest number since the 1970s. (Reuters)

In local politics: Texas Gov. Rick Perry filed a motion to dismiss the indictment against him. A secret campaign donation sent Wisconsin’s governor scrambling. The latest in the corruption trial of a former Virginia governor and his wife is here,here and here. (WSJ, NY Times, The Nation, LA Times, Washington Post, NY Times, Politico)

The SEC’s use of the so-called “rocket docket” is being challenged. (Dealbook)

The Global Ethicist takes questions once a month on risk and compliance issues.

A Transparency International staffer was displaced in Gaza, and the group isfighting corruption in Honduras.=

Building a literary tradition in a land with no alphabet

Somali novelist Nuruddin Farah was one of the speakers at this year's event. He is one of several Somali authors hoping to inspire a new generation of writers.

By Conrad Heine, for CNN

 Hargeisa, Somaliland (CNN) -- In 1856, British explorer Richard Burton described Somalia as a nation of poets. It may seem an unlikely moniker for a country that has since become defined by piracy, state collapse, and the many horrors unleashed by Al-Shabaab -- the Islamic extremists who control much of the country.

But, much has changed since then. Despite appearances, the country used to be one of East Africa's most dynamic artistic enclaves, and much of the region's cultural activity took place in Hargeisa, the capital of Somaliland, the internationally unrecognized state that broke away from Somalia in 1991.

"Hargeisa used to be the cultural hub for the Somali republic. There was a beautiful Chinese-built theater; also the main public library, at one time the biggest in Somalia," recalls Jama Muse Jama, who six years ago founded the Hargeisa Book Fair.

The theater and library, like much of Hargeisa, was flattened during the civil war that preceded Somalia's collapse and Somaliland's declaration of independence. Now, Jama is hoping to restore some of what his country lost.

Dancing and performances makes up a part of the fair

KATE STANWORTH

"If at the end of the fair, we have one more reader, we have succeeded," he says.

The fair, which takes place during a week in August (this year's ended August 13), has become one of the most anticipated literary events in East Africa. Part book expo, part cultural festival (poets, musicians and dancers are as popular as the author panels), the fair attracts a variety of local literary legends like Hadraawi, widely considered the most famous living Somali poet.

The Hargeisa Book Fair in Somaliland is hoping to revive the country's lapsed literary tradition. Literature first flourished in the 70s, when Somali President Mohammed Siad Barre introduced a standard written version of the Somali language using Latin script.

Outside, the hundreds in attendance throng around stalls selling new books published by the likes of the Redsea Online Publishing/Ponte Invisible -- a publishing company run by Jama -- and second-hand tomes, all to meet demand in this literature-hungry city.

The city's dedication to the written word is particularly poignant, given that the Somali language didn't even have its own written alphabet until 1972. That year, Somali President Mohammed Siad Barre introduced a standard written version of the Somali language using Latin script.

Somalliland Background

The Barre regime's move -- driven by a 5% literacy rate (according to the United Nations) -- represented a new approach beyond the oral poetic tradition.

"Government workers were given three months to learn. Anyone who failed was fired," recalls Said Salah Ahmed, an author, playwright and teacher of Somali at the University of Minnesota, who was a school principal at the time.

Part book expo, part cultural festival (poets, musicians and dancers are as popular as the author panels), the fair attracts a variety of colorful musical acts, as well as local literary legends.

As the campaign stretched from the cities to the towns to the smallest villages, he says teaching took place "wherever -- under trees, under walls, wherever there was shade."

Jama also considers that period fondly.

"It was one of the best things that happened in Somali society," he says.

It had been a flowering. But everything was killed
Jama Muse Jama, Hargeisa Book Fair

While the first books to be published in the new language were mostly textbooks, there was also a smattering of European classics, with "Animal Farm," "Gulliver's Travels," and even Dale Carnegie's "How To Win Friends And Influence People" appearing on book shelves, according to Liban Ahmad, a Somali writer and teacher based in London.

The period also brought on new forms of Somali literature, alongside poetry.

"Modern trends started to emerge, including original fiction works," recalls Mohamoud Shiekh Dalmar, who was working with the Somali Broadcasting Service.

According to the UN, the Somali literacy rates climbed to 55% by the mid-1970s. Such progress wasn't sustainable though, as civil war and drought ultimately split the country. By 1990, literacy rates fell to 24%. Jama recalls books being burned at his school library. The official excuse given, he says, was that they fostered colonial sentiment, but he reasons that it was because they underlined Somaliland's separateness.

The Hargeisa Book Fair attracts hundreds

KATE STANWORTH

"It had been a flowering. But everything was killed," he says.

Still, in the Somali diaspora aboad, a handful of authors, like Saleh and Dalmar, did their best to uphold the literary traditions. Now, with the help of writing and photography workshops held at the book fair, a new generation of young Somali writers will hopefully pick up the tradition.

Saleh points out that new books are again being translated into Somali.

Jama himself remains dedicated to his path: using the occasion of the 2014 fair to launch a new, permanent, European Union-funded cultural centre in Hargeisa. Somaliland's capital may yet reclaim its cultural-hub status. All it takes is a little imagination, which Jama has in spades.

Scottish independence: Business leaders question 'Yes' vote business case

Continue reading the main story

Scotland Decides

• What's going on in Scotland?
• Does Scotland's currency clash matter?
• What might Yes talks look like?
• What are the 'No' parties offering?

More than 130 business leaders have signed a letter saying the business case for Scottish independence "has not been made".

The signatories come from a variety of businesses including banking, mining, engineering, food, whisky, and technology.

But lobby group Business for Scotland said economic "facts and figures" support Scottish independence.

The letter has been published in The Scotsman newspaper.

Scotland will go to the polls in the referendum on 18 September, with voters being asked the "Yes/No" question: "Should Scotland be an independent country?"

The letter is signed in a personal capacity by business leaders including Douglas Flint, the chairman of HSBC; Andrew Mackenzie, the chief executive of the mining giant, BHP Billiton; and Sir John Grant, executive vice-president of policy at the energy company, BG Group.

Others include Audrey Baxter, executive chairman of Baxters Food Group; Simon Thomson, the chief executive of Cairn Energy; and Ian Curle, the chief executive of Edrington, which owns the whisky brands The Macallan and The Famous Grouse.

Better together campaigners say jobs are at stake

The letter was organised by Keith Cochrane, the chief executive of the engineering firm, Weir Group, who has already warned of "substantial risks" if Scotland votes for independence. Its backers say that no political organisations have been involved in putting together the list.

The letter says that "much is at stake": "Our economic ties inside the United Kingdom are very close and support more than a million Scottish jobs.

"As job creators we have looked carefully at the arguments made by both sides of the debate.

"Our conclusion is that the business case for independence has not been made."

Scottish independence: Business for and against

'Financial advantage'

One source told BBC Business Editor Kamal Ahmed that it grew out of a "frustration" about what is perceived as a lack of cohesiveness about the business and independence debate.

The signatories account for about 50,000 jobs in Scotland, from large firms such as Babcock ship building to small engineering firms in Glasgow's east end, our business editor says in his blog.

Supporters of an independent Scotland point to their own supporters from business and economics.

Yes campaigners argue there are economic advantages to independence

Business for Scotland said in a statement: "Business for Scotland has 2,500 members who run businesses in Scotland, employ people across the country in a range of industries, and all believe that Scottish independence is in the best interests of Scotland and Scottish business.

"It's a position reached after looking at the facts and figures and realising that, from a simple balance sheet point of view as well as other considerations, our best interests lie in becoming an independent country."

Former Royal Bank of Scotland chairman Sir George Mathewson, has said that Scotland's vital financial services sector - for example - would flourish if Scotland votes "Yes".

'Global business'

"There is nothing to suggest that being part of a smaller country hinders a financial services industry. Switzerland, for example, has - in Geneva and Zurich - not one, but two of the world's Top 10 financial centres. Singapore, with five million people, is ranked 4th," he has said.

"Investment is an increasingly global business, where success depends much more on people than on borders."

Economist and former head of Scottish Enterprise Sir Donald MacKay has argued that an independent Scotland would be in better fiscal shape than the UK is at present.

"An independent Scotland should use that financial advantage to invest in re-engineering our economy towards industrial, manufacturing and tradeable services development," he has said.

Willie Walsh, the chief executive of IAG, owner of British Airways, also says that independence could be good for Scotland.